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Tourism projects have been promoted for several decades on a global scale as a tool for achieving socio-economic development and, more recently, the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The pivotal role of education for ensuring the long-term success of these projects has also been widely acknowledged. However, numerous studies indicate that academic programmes as well as research in sustainable tourism education have lagged behind.
Several important research gaps were confirmed in the process of this study. In particular, there is scant research on achievements with regard to the integration of sustainability into tourism curricula. Likewise, little attention has been given to the development of conceptual frameworks designed specifically for sustainable tourism education.
This study attempts to address these research gaps by examining the status of sustainable tourism education in the Sub Saharan Africa context. This region has recently become the focus of increased tourism development work due to its high poverty, unemployment and migration levels on the one side, and a robust tourism industry and growing workforce on the other.
Adopting a mixed method approach, the study commences with a quantitative analysis of sustainability related content in online tourism curricula in all accredited tertiary institutions in the region. Next, a framework for sustainable education is developed that is informed by tourism stakeholder perspectives gained through surveys and interviews as well as an extensive review of the apposite scholarship. In a final step, the online curricula is analysed within the context of the proposed framework and recommendations are offered.
The overall findings of this inquiry indicate, contrary to the recommendations of the tourism stakeholders and scholars consulted in this study, that sustainability concepts have yet to be fully integrated into tourism curricula in the region. Rather than addressing a broad range of sustainability related issues, tourism curricula remain mostly focussed on business interests. This study argues for a more balanced approach to tourism education in order to successfully contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals.
At the time of the outbreak of the so-called refugee crisis, only the non-governmental sector in Serbia responded to the situation by providing assistance to any people in need. The respective activities that were carried out consisted mostly of humanitarian aid, medical assistance, and providing both psycho-social and legal-informative support. Starting in 2015, the attention grew and shifted to providing better care of asylum-seeking minors. However, it was only in late 2016 that the Republic of Serbia started a project related to inclusion of Asylum-Seeking Minors (ASMs)into its education system. The project’s results in 2017 were still modest, since only approx. 60 asylum seeking minors out of 3031 were included in Serbia’s education system. In the school year 2018/2019, in particular until February 2019, 98,22 percent of preschool-aged or elementary school-aged ASMs who were placed in reception centers were included in the education system.
This PhD research project represents the study of how the basic human right, the right to education,is granted in a country perceived as a transit country by both, ASMs and domestic authorities. It represents a human rights-based approach to education and integration, which should contribute to empowerment of the right-holder, i.e. asylum-seeking minors, and accountability of the duty-bearer.
In order to assess the government’s success in granting the right to education, it’s obligation to respect, protect and fulfill human rights, was linked with the human rights framework for education.
Furthermore, the way the country’s political determination to join the EU, existing social, cultural, and political factors in the country as well as the insufficient asylum system affect the right to education of ASMs were examined.
Apart from the empowerment of the right-holder and identification of the potential improvements on the governments side, one of the aims of the research was to identify examples/elements of good practice in Serbian aspect. This is used as an argument for (un)successful implementation of the right to education, since schools are the ones directly implementing adopted legislation, strategies and policies, and therefore reveal potential lack of political willingness to implement them or the false intentions of the state on the way it presents itself before the international community.
Therefore, elements of good practice were identified and one of the central findings with respect to providing the right to education for ASMs, is that Serbia, and, more specifically, its dedicated educators and NGO staff, have done an applaudable job. Though room for improvement remains, the efforts of the state, school personnel, family members of ASMs and caring NGO workers have made the right to education a reality for ASMs who seek it.
Development and Validation of an Instrument for Measuring Student Sustainability Competencies
(2019)
The importance of education, and ESD in particular, for achieving sustainable development is highlighted in the formulation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Since the Brundtland Report (1987) and the Agenda 21 conference in Rio in 1992, many measures and programs have been launched.
However, no widely accepted and validated assessment instruments are currently available to examine the output levels of ESD on the student side as a means to contribute to monitoring the effects of ESD initiatives. Furthermore, connections to the results of empirical educational
research are often lacking. Indeed, operationalization is necessary in order to evaluate actions of fostering ESD. Taking concepts of empirical educational and other relevant research findings (for example, psychology for sustainability) into account, this study develops a reliable and valid approach to measuring sustainability competencies. In this paper, novel data of a first school assessment is presented. One thousand six hundred and twenty-two students (aged from 9 to 16) participated in the survey. The paper-pencil questionnaire covers general (socio-demographic) as well as cognitive, affective, behavioral, application- and curriculum-orientated aspects of sustainability
competencies. The evidence for the validity and reliability of the instrument indicates that the presented assessment tool constitutes a suitable instrument by which to measure sustainability competencies in secondary schools. The gathered insights show a path towards the operationalization
of sustainability competencies to clarify the needs and achievements of ESD implementation
in schools.
After the end of the first Global Action Programme on Education for Sustainable Development, coinciding with ongoing international evaluation processes, questions about the implementation of the Education for Sustainable Development programs and assessments continue to be raised. The present study examined Education for Sustainable Development implementation at the local (teachers’) level, assessing what teachers think and know about Education for Sustainable Development and how they implement it in secondary school classes in Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany. By providing novel data from a teacher survey in 2019, this study revealed that Education for Sustainable Development in some aspects still lacks concrete structural implementation in educational contexts. Using a longitudinal approach, we additionally compared data from an earlier representative assessment in 2007 to the data from 2019. In reference to the preceding evaluation report, the present study showed, for example, that teachers’ attitudes towards Sustainable Development Goals were significantly higher in 2019 compared to 2007. This study provides clarification of the needs and achievements of the Education for Sustainable Development implementation process. In sum, our analysis found that from the teachers’ perspective, more abstract policies are not needed, but instead teachers ask for very concrete support that is close to teaching and the schools’ objectives. The results of our study help, in a larger sense, to navigate society towards a more sustainable direction and towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals by highlighting the remaining challenges of these broad objectives.
Abstract
The following paper presents the structure of a language teaching inspection of the topic of capitalization applied within sentences in the secondary education level, which comprises both a quantitative and a qualitative research part. The emphasis of this paper, in respect to its content, does not lie in the discussion of each and every result, but concentrates on the question of how the quantitative and qualitative results can be correlated to each other, and on what types of complementary information can be deducted from it from a language teaching point of view.
Professional knowledge is highlighted as an important prerequisite of both medical doctors and teachers. Based on recent conceptions of professional knowledge in these fields, knowledge can be differentiated within several aspects. However, these knowledge aspects are currently conceptualized differently across different domains and projects. Thus, this paper describes recent frameworks for professional knowledge in medical and educational sciences, which are then integrated into an interdisciplinary two-dimensional model of professional knowledge that can help to align terminology in both domains and compare research results. The models’ two dimensions differentiate between cognitive types of knowledge and content-related knowledge facets and introduces a terminology for all emerging knowledge aspects. The models’ applicability for medical and educational sciences is demonstrated in the context of diagnosis by describing prototypical diagnostic settings for medical doctors as well as for teachers, which illustrate how the framework can be applied and operationalized in these areas. Subsequently, the role of the different knowledge aspects for acting and the possibility of transfer between different content areas are discussed. In conclusion, a possible extension of the model along a “third dimension” that focuses on the effects of growing expertise on professional knowledge over time is proposed and issues for further research are outlined.
Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) is a core element of UNESCO’s Sustainable Development Goal (SDGs) Target 4.7, which seeks to ensure that all learners acquire the knowledge and skills needed to promote sustainable development through education for sustainable development. The German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF) followed suit in 2015 and launched a high scale national monitoring of the current state of ESD implementation. In this context, suitable ESD indicators should be analyzed to inform policy and research agendas. The present project is part of the national monitoring within Germany’s Global Action Program (GAP) actions. The research team at the University of Education in Freiburg conducted a study to evaluate the accessibility of data and the measurability of ESD-relevant teacher training (TT). During the two-step procedure for data collection on ESD-relevant TTs in Germany, an extensive list of ESD related search terms first captured 66,935 TTs with possible ESD relevance in the evaluation period. Second, the collected data was analyzed using Mayring’s qualitative content analysis. The 66,935 TTs were thereby reduced to 3818 TTs with different degrees of ESD relevance. The results of the evaluation study show that suitable ESD indicators, the FESD (formula for the ESD-indicator for TTs) (basic), FESD (basic, rated) and FESD (pro), could be developed and calculated for 15 of 16 federal states in Germany. The gathered insights show a path towards ESD monitoring in TT to clarify the needs and achievements of ESD implementation in the field of continuing education of teachers. However, the presented indicators only show a possible path for ESD indicator development. A comprehensive set of ESD indicators should also focus on the micro or output (e.g., ESD competencies) level. These insights for the future seem worth striving for not only in Germany or on the national level but also internationally to foster ESD, Target 4.7 of the SDGs and the SDGs in general.
For the field of teacher education, a particularly wide discrepancy exists between (1) higher education discourses and policies advocating a wide diffusion of international dimensions, specifically of study-related mobility (such as Erasmus stays abroad), within higher education degree programs; (2) the ideals and demands placed upon teacher education graduates to possess relevant international competences and experiences in view of their role as multipliers and professionals in increasingly multicultural and global societies; and (3) the ground-level practices, as evidenced by comparatively low mobility rates in teacher education degree programs in Europe. The study reverts to the question where this discrepancy is actually produced and how it could be addressed, thereby closing a gap in student mobility and higher education internationalization research on the diffusion barriers at work in the field of teacher education.
The thesis is set in the field of international and comparative education, and pursues a multilevel and contextualized comparative approach, involving two strands of investigation: (1) a theory-based and process-oriented quantitative inquiry into relevant obstacles for eventual participation in study-related mobility among students in teacher education degree programs; (2) and a multilevel (policy, institutions/staff, students) inquiry into the trajectories of internationalization in teacher education, in view of current higher education internationalization models. By linking and contextualizing findings from different levels and investigation strands, the study draws conclusions and gives recommendations on ways to foster study-related mobility in teacher education degree programs. Through the study’s conceptualization of participation in study-related mobility as a process, and through its reflections on strategically managing internationalization, its findings are also relevant to the higher education sector in general.
Die Rezension zum Buch "Bend It Like Beckham" von Narinder Dhami umfasst eine Inhaltsangabe und eine Empfehlung zum Einsatz im Schulunterricht. Die Produktion entstand im Rahmen einer Kooperation an der PH Freiburg zwischen dem Seminar "Exploring Young Adult Literature" und dem Lernradio PH 88,4.
Die Rezension zum Buch "Holes" von Louis Sachar umfasst eine Inhaltsangabe und eine Empfehlung zum Einsatz im Schulunterricht. Die Produktion entstand im Rahmen einer Kooperation an der PH Freiburg zwischen dem Seminar "Exploring Young Adult Literature" und dem Lernradio PH 88,4.
Die Rezension zum Buch "La Línea" von Ann Jaramillo umfasst eine Inhaltsangabe und eine Empfehlung zum Einsatz im Schulunterricht. Die Produktion entstand im Rahmen einer Kooperation an der PH Freiburg zwischen dem Seminar "Exploring Young Adult Literature" und dem Lernradio PH 88,4.
Die Rezension zum Buch "Matilda" von Roald Dahl umfasst eine Inhaltsangabe und eine Empfehlung zum Einsatz im Schulunterricht. Die Produktion entstand im Rahmen einer Kooperation an der PH Freiburg zwischen dem Seminar "Exploring Young Adult Literature" und dem Lernradio PH 88,4.
Die Rezension zum Buch "Un)Arranged Marriage" von Rai Bali umfasst eine Inhaltsangabe und eine Empfehlung zum Einsatz im Schulunterricht. Die Produktion entstand im Rahmen einer Kooperation an der PH Freiburg zwischen dem Seminar "Exploring Young Adult Literature" und dem Lernradio PH 88,4.
Die Rezension zum Buch "The Perks Of Being A Wallflower" von Stephen Chbosky umfasst eine Inhaltsangabe und eine Empfehlung zum Einsatz im Schulunterricht. Die Produktion entstand im Rahmen einer Kooperation an der PH Freiburg zwischen dem Seminar "Exploring Young Adult Literature" und dem Lernradio PH 88,4.
Die Rezension zum Buch "The Hunger Games" von Suzanne Collins umfasst eine Inhaltsangabe und eine Empfehlung zum Einsatz im Schulunterricht. Die Produktion entstand im Rahmen einer Kooperation an der PH Freiburg zwischen dem Seminar "Exploring Young Adult Literature" und dem Lernradio PH 88,4.
Die Rezension zum Buch "Woods Runner" von Gary Paulsen umfasst eine Inhaltsangabe und eine Empfehlung zum Einsatz im Schulunterricht. Die Produktion entstand im Rahmen einer Kooperation an der PH Freiburg zwischen dem Seminar "Exploring Young Adult Literature" und dem Lernradio PH 88,4.
Peter's Progress
(2005)
Ein biographisches Gedicht über das Leben und Werk des emeritierten Freiburger Professors Peter Günther. Das Poem ist in einem fröhlichen und witzigen Ton gehalten, was sich auch in der Form des aus sechs Limericks bestehenden Stückes niederschlägt.
Es handelt sich hierbei um ein Gedicht in dem der Erzähler (aus Deutschland kommend) seine Eindrücke von einem Besuch in den Vereinigten Staaten verarbeitet.
Es handelt sich hierbei um eine kurze Kurzgeschichte (wie der Titel schon sagt), die sich fast ausschließlich aus insgesamt 127 Titeln aus der amerikanischen Literaturgeschichte zusammensetzt.
Der Aufsatz untersucht zeitgenössische amerikanische Jugendliteratur und versucht aufzuzeigen inwiefern diese den wahren amerikanischen High-School-Alltag dokumentiert.